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PROSOPOGRAPHY RESEARCH

Modern History Research Unit, University of Oxford

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Select Bibliography of Works Relating to Prosopography

Presented here is a selection of around 500 titles that chart the development of prosopography since the late nineteenth century as a method used by historians of  all periods. There is no optimal way of presenting such a list – subject matter and periods frequently overlap  –  but with a little repetition, cross-referencing and self-explanatory headings, it is hoped that the user will find what he wants relatively easily. All the titles considered fundmental are listed here.  The first section is chronological, and the second methodological. As befits the history of this development, the section on the Ancient World is the longest. Other sections are: Byzantium, Medieval World (including Islam), Modern, Method, Biographical Method, Onomastics, Data Modelling, Social Network Analysis.

I. Prosopography by Period

1.The Ancient World

Aleshire, S. B., Asklepios at Athens: Epigraphic and Prosopographic Essays on the Athenian Healing Cults (Amsterdam, 1991)
Alföldy, G., Fasti Hispanienses. Senatorische Reichsbeamte und Offiziere in den spanischen Provinzen des römischen Reiches von Augustus bis Diokletian (Wiesbaden, 1969)
——, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen. Prosopographische Untersuchungen zur senatorischen Führungsschicht (Bonn, 1977)
——, ‘Consuls and consulars under the Antonines: prosopography and history’, Ancient Society, 7 (1976), 263–99
Andermahr, A. M., Totus in praediis. Senatorischer Grundbesitz in Italien in der Frühen und Hohen Kaiserzeit (Bonn, 1998)
Babelon, E., Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République Romaine, vulgairement appellées monnaies consulaires (Paris, 1885–6)
Badian, E., ‘The scribae of the Roman Republic’, Klio, 71(1989),  582–603.
Bagnall, R. S., Consuls of the Later Roman Empire (Atlanta GA., 1987)
Barnes, T. D., ‘Late Roman prosopography: between Theodosius and Justinian’, Phoenix, 37 (1983), 248–70
——, ‘Statistics and the conversion of the Roman aristocracy’, Journal of Roman Studies, 85 (1995), 135–47
Barnish, S., ‘Late Roman prosopography reassessed’, Journal of Roman Studies, 84 (1994), 171–77
Berve, H., Das Alexanderreich auf prosopographischer Grundlage (Munich, 1926)
Billows, R. A., Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State (Berkeley CA and London, 1997)
Birley, Anthony R., The Fasti of RomanBritain (Oxford, 1981)
——, Hadrian, the Restless Emperor (London, 1997)
——, Onomasticon to the Younger Pliny. Letters and Panegyric (Munich and Leipzig, 2000)
——, The Roman Government of Britain (Oxford, 2005)
Birley, E., Senators in the Emperor’s service (London, 1953)
Blois, L. d., Administration, Prosopography and Appointment Policies in the Roman Empire: Proceedings of the First Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, 27 BC–AD 406), Leiden, June 28–July 1, 2000 (Amsterdam, 2001)
Boer, W. den, ‘Die prosopographische Methode in der modernen Historiographie der Kaiserzeit’, Mnemosyne,22 (1969), 268–80
Boissier, G., Cicero and his Friends: A Study of RomanSociety in the Time of Caesar (London, 1897)
Bradford A.S., A Prosopography of Lacedaemonians from the Death of Alexander the Great, 323 BC, to the Sack of Sparta by Alaric, AD 396 (Munich, 1977)
Broughton, T. R. S. and M. L. Patterson, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (3 vols., Cleveland AT, 1968–86)
Broughton, T. R. S., ‘Senate and senators of the Roman Republic: the prosopographical approach’, Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, I 1 (1972), 250–65
Caballos Rufino, A, ‘La técnica prosopográfica en la historia antiqua. Ante la pérdida de Sir Ronald Syme’, Veleia, 7 (1990), 189–207
Cameron, A., ed., Fifty Years of Prosopography: the Later Roman Empire, Byzantium and Beyond (Oxford, 2003)
Castner, C. J., Prosopography of Roman Epicureans from the Second Century BC to the Second Century AD (Frankfurt am Main and New York, 1988)
Cavenaile, R., ‘Prosopographie de l'armée romaine d’Egypte d’Auguste à Dioclétien’, Aegyptus, 50 (1970)
Cébeillac-Gervasoni, M., Les Magistrats des cités italiennes de la seconde guerre punique à Auguste: le Latium et la Campanie (Paris, 1998)
Chastagnol, A., Les Fastes de la préfecture de Rome au Bas-Empire (Paris, 1962)
Christol, M., Essai sur l'évolution des carrières sénatoriales dans la seconde moitié du IIIe siècle ap. J.-C. (Paris, 1986)
Corbier, M., L’aerarium Saturni et l’aerarium militare. Administration et prosopographie sénatoriale (Paris, 1974)
——, ‘Family Behaviour of the Roman Aristocracy, second century BC–third century AD’, in Women's History and Ancient History, ed. S. B. Pomeroy (Chapel Hill and London, 1991), pp. 173–96
CoÕkun, Altay, Die gens Ausoniana an der Macht. Untersuchungen zu Decimius Magnus Ausonius und seiner Familie, Prosopographica et Genealogica 8(Oxford, 2002)
Dabrowa, E., Legio X Fretensis. A Prosopographical Study of its Officers (I–III c. AD) (Stuttgart, 1993)
Davies, J. K., Athenian Propertied Families 600–300 BC (Oxford, 1971)
Delmaire, R., Les Responsables des finances impériales au Bas-Empire romain (IVe–VIe s.) Etudes prosopographiques (Brussels, 1989)
ed. De Blois, L., Administration, Prosopography & Appointment Policies in the Roman Empire in Impact of Empire, Roman Empire 27 BC-AD 406, I, Gieben 2001)
Demougin, S., Prosopographie des chevaliers romains julio-claudiens (43 av. J.-C. - 70 ap. J.-C.) (Paris, 1992)
Deniaux, E., Clientèles et pouvoir à l'époque de Cicéron (Rome, 1993)
Develin, R., Athenian Officials 684–321 BC (Cambridge, 1989)
Devijver, H., Prosopographia Militiarum Equestrium quae fuerunt ab Augusto ad Gallienum (Leuven, 1976–93)
Eck, W., Senatoren von Vespasian bis Hadrian. Prosopographische Untersuchungen mit Einschluss der Jahres- und Provinzialfesten der Statthalter (Munich, 1970)
——, Die Statthalter der germanischen Provinzen vom 1–3 Jahrhundert (Pulheim, 1985)
——, ed., Prosopographie und Sozialgeschichte: Studien zur Methodik und Erkenntnismoglichkeit der kaiserzeitlichen Prosopographie: Kolloquium, Köln, 24–26. November 1991 (Koln, 1993)
——, ‘The ProsopographiaImperiiRomani and the prosopographical method’, in Fifty Years of Prosopography. The Later Roman Empire, Byzantium and Beyond, A. Cameron (Oxford; New York, 2003)
Eilers, C. F., Roman Patrons of Greek Cities (Oxford, 2002)
Efthymiadis, S. and Kaldellis, A., The Prosopography of Byzantine Lesbos, 284-1355 A.D.: A Contribution to the Social History of the Byzantine Province (Verlag der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 2010)
Ferguson, J., A Prosopography to the Poems of Juvenal (Bruxelles, 1987)
Fitz, J., Die Verwaltung Pannoniens in der Römerzeit (Budapest, 1993–95)
Follet, S., Athènes au IIe et au IIIe siècle. Etudes chronologiques et prosopographiques (Paris, 1976)
Fossey, J. M., The Study of Ancient Greek Prosopography (Chicago IL, 1991)
——, ProsopographiaeGraecaeMinores. A Prosopographical Corpus of the Minor Greek States (Chicago, 1999)
Gelzer, Matthias, Die Nobilität der römischen Republik (Leipzig, 1912); The Roman Nobility, English translation (Oxford, 1969)
Graham, A. J., ‘The limitations of prosopography in Roman imperial history (with special reference to the Severan period)’, Aufstieg und Niedergangder Römischen Welt ii.1 (1974), 136–57
Grainger, J. D., Aitolian Prosopographical Studies (Leiden, 2000)
Groag, E., A. Stein, et al., ProsopographiaImperiiRomani saeculi I, II et III (Berlin, 1933–)
Halfmann, H., Die Senatoren aus dem östlichen Teil des Imperium Romanum bis zum Ende des 2. Jh.n.Chr (Göttingen, 1979)
Harlan, M., RomanRepublican Moneyers and their Coins 63–49 (London, 1995)
Hatzfeld, J., Les Italiens résidant à Délos, 1912)
——, Les trafiquants italiens dans l'Orient hellénistique (Paris, 1919)
Havas, L., ‘Die Catilina-Bewegung und der Senatorenstand’, Acta Classica Universitatis Scientiarum Debreceniensis, 14 (1978),  25–36
Heckel, W., The Last Days and Testament of Alexander the Great: A Prosopographic Study (Stuttgart, 1988)
Heinzelmann, M., ‘Gallische Prosopographie, 260–527’, Francia: Forschungen zur Westeuropäischen Geschichte, 10 (1983),  531–718
Hofmann-Löbl, I., ‘Die Calpurnii. Politisches Wirken und familiäre Kontinuität’, Klio, 81:2 (1999),  544–6
Hofmann-Löbl, I., Die Calpurnii. Politisches Wirken und familiäre Kontinuität (Frankfurt, 1996)
Jones, A. E. J., ‘Fifteen Years of Late Roman Prosopography in the West (1981–95)’, Medieval Prosopography, 17:1 (1996),  263–74
Jones, A. H. M., J. R. Martindale, et al., eds., Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (260–641) (Cambridge, 1971–2)
Kanatzoulis, D., Prosopographia Macedonia: From 148 BC until the time of Constantine the Great (Chicago, 1984)
Kirchner, J., Prosopographia Attica (Berlin, 1901–1903)
Klebs, E., P. v. Rohden, et al., eds., Prosopographia imperii romani saec I. II. III. Edita consilio et auctoritate Academiae scientiarum regiae borussicae (Berlin, 1897–8)
Leppin, H., Histrionen: Untersuchungen zur socialen Stellung von Bühnenkünstlern im Westen des Römischen Reiches zur Zeit der Republik und des Principats (Bonn, 1992); see also the review by W. J. Slater, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 03.04.05, http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/1992/03.04.05.html
Leunissen, P. M. M., Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (180–235 n. Chr.) Prosopographische Untersuchungen zur senatorischen Elite im römischen Kaiserreich (Amsterdam, 1989)
Lewis, M. W. H., The Official Priests of Rome under the Julio-Claudians. A Study of the Nobility from 44 BC to 68 AD (Rome, 1955)
Lippold, A., Consules. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des römischen Konsulates von 264 bis–210 v.C (Bonn, 1963)
Mandouze, A., Prosopographie chrétienne du Bas-Empire. I. Prosopographie de l'Afrique chrétienne (303–533) (Paris, 1982)
Martindale, J. R., The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire. III. A.D. 527–641 (Cambridge, 1992)
Mathieu, N., Histoire d'un nom. Les Aufidii dans la vie politique, économique et sociale du monde romain (IIe siècle avant J.-C.–IIIe siècle apres J.C.) (Rennes,1999)
Matthews, J., The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (London, 1974)
Mathisen, R. W., ‘Fifteen years of P. L. R. E.: compliments, complaints and caveats’, Medieval Prosopography, 7:1, (1986), 1–37
——, ‘Late Roman prosopography in the West (A.D. 260–640): a survey of recent work’, Medieval Prosopography, 2 (1981),  1–12
Maue, H. C., Der praefectus fabrum, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des römischen Beamtentums (Halle, 1887)
Mooren, L., The AulicTitulature in Ptolemaic Egypt: Introduction and Prosopography (Brussels, 1975)
Mora, F., Prosopografia Isiaca. I. Corpus prosopographicum religionis Isiacae; II. Prosopografia storica e statistica del culto Isiaco (Leiden, 1990)
Münzer, F., , Römische Adelsparteien und Adelsfamilien (Stuttgart, 1920); trans. by T. Ridley, Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families (Baltimore, 1999)
——, ‘Die römischen Vestalinnen bis zur Kaiserzeit’, Philologus, 92 (1938)
Nachtergael, G., ‘Envoyés royaux à l'époque hellénistique’, CE, 50(1975):  249–62
Neudling, C. L., A Prosopography to Catullus (Lafayetteville, 1955)
Nicolet, C., ‘Le Commentariolum petitionis de Quintus Cicéron. État de la question et étude prosopographique’, Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt,1:3 (1973), 239–77
——, L'ordre équestre à l'époque républicaine (312–43 av. J.-C.) I. Définitions juridiques et structures sociales; II. Prosopographie des chevaliers romains (Paris, 1966–74)
Olshausen, E., Prosopographie der hellenistischen Königsgesandten I. Von Triparadeisos bis Pydna (Louvain, 1974)
Peremans, W. and E. Van 'T Dack, Prosopographia Ptolemaica (9 vols., Louvain, 1950–81)
Petit, P., Les étudiants de Libanius (Paris, 1957)
——, Les fonctionnaires dans l'oeuvre de Libanius. Analyse prosopographique (Paris, 1994)
Pflaum, H. G., Les carrières procuratoriennes équestres sous le Haut-Empire romain (Paris, 1960–1)
——, ‘Les correspondants de l'orateur Cornelius Fronto de Cirta’, in. Mélanges Jean Bayet, ed. M. Rénard et al. (Brussels, 1964)
——, ‘Les progrès des recherches prosopographiques concernant l'époque du Haut-Empire durant le dernier quart de siècle (1945–1970)’, Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, ii:1 (1974), 113–35
Pietri, Charles, and Luce Pietri, Prosopographie chrétienne du Bas-Empire. II Prosopographie de l’Italie chrétienne (313-604) (Paris, 1999)
Pink, K., The triumvi monetales and the structure of the coinage of the RomanRepublic (New York, 1952)
Piso, I., Fasti Prouinciae Daciae. I. Die senatorischen Amtsträger (Bonn, 1993)
Pope, H., Foreigners in Attic Inscriptions. Prosopography under Ethnics (Philadelphia, 1947)
——, Non-Athenians in Attic Inscriptions. An Alphabetical Prosopography (New York, 1935)
Raepsaet-Charlier, M.-T., Prosopographie des femmes de l'ordre sénatorial (Ier–IIe siècles) (Louvain, 1987)
Rea, J. R., Five Papyrological Notes on Imperial Prosopography (Brussels, 1968)
Reilly, L. C., Slaves in Ancient Greece: A Prosopography from the Manumission Inscriptions (Chicago, 1978)
Remy, B., Les Fastes sénatoriaux des provinces romaines d'Anatolie au Haut-Empire (31 av. J.-C.–284 ap. J.-C.) (Paris, 1988)
Ribbeck, P., ‘Senatores qui fuerint idibus Mart. Ann. A.U.C. 710’, Dissertation (Berlin, 1899)
Royden, H. L., Magistrates of the Roman Professional Colleges in Italy from the First to the Third Century AD (Pisa, 1988)
Ruffini, G.R., A Prosopography of Byzantine Aphrodito (American Society of Papyrologists, 2011)
Rutledge, S., Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London, 2001)
Sarikakis, T. C., The Hoplite General in Ancient Athens and the Generals of the Hellenistic Age (Chicago, 1951)
Savalli-Lestrade, I., Les philoi royaux dans l'Asie hellénistique (Genève, 1998)
Scharf, R., Spätrömische Studien. Prosopographische und quellenkundliche Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des 5. Jahrhunderts nach Christus. (Mannheim, 1996)
Scheid, J., Les Frères Arvales. Recrutement et origine sociale sous les empereurs Julio-Claudiens (Paris, 1975)
———, Le collège des Frères Arvales. Etude prosopographique du recrutement (69–304) (Rome, 1990)
———, Romulus et ses Frères: Le College des Frères arvales. Modèle du Culte public dans la Rome des Empereurs (Paris, 1990)
Schmaltz, G.C.R., Augustan and Julio-Claudian Athens: A New Epigraphy and Prosopography (Brill, 2008)
Shatzman, I., Senatorial Wealth and RomanPolitics (Brussels, 1975)
Settipani, C., Continuité gentilice et continuité familiale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines: mythe et réalité, Prosopographica et Genealogica2(Oxford, 2000)
Sumner, G. V., The Orators in Cicero’s Brutus: Prosopography and Chronology (Toronto and Buffalo, 1973)
Sundwall, J., J. Kirchner, et al., Nachträge zur Prosopographia Attica (Helsingsfors, 1910)
Suolahti, J., The Junior Officers of the RomanArmy in the Republican Period. A Study on Social Structure (Helsinki, 1955)
———, The Roman Censors. A Study on Social Structure (Helsinki, 1963)
Syme, R., The RomanRevolution (Oxford, 1939)
Taylor, L. R., The voting districts of the RomanRepublic (Rome, 1960)
Thomasson, B. E., FastiAfricani. Senatorische und ritterliche Amtsträger in den römischen Provinzen Nordafrikas von Augustus bis Diokletian (Stockholm, 1996)
———, Laterculi praesidum, I (Arlöv, 1984); II, Tabulae synchronae (Lund et Arlöv, 3 fasc., 1972–80); III, Bibliographia. Addenda et corrigenda. Tituli nonnulli (Arlöv, 1990)
Traill, J. S., Persons of Ancient Athens (Toronto, 1994–) [electronic publication will follow completed print version]
Wevers, R. F., Isaeus: Chronology, Prosopography, and Social History (The Hague, 1969)
Wierschowski, L., Die regionale Mobilität in Gallien nach den Inschriften des 1. bis 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.: Quantitative Studien zur Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte der westlichen Provinzen des römischen Reiches, Historia-Einzelschriften 91 (Stuttgart, 1995)
———, Fremde in Gallien – „Gallier“ in der Fremde. Die epigraphisch bezeugte Mobilität in, von und nach Gallien vom 1. bis 3. Jh. n. Chr. Historia-Einzelschriften, 159 (Stuttgart, 2001)
Wikander, C. and O. Wikander, ‘Republican prosopography: some reconsiderations’, OpusculaRomana, 12 (1979),  1–12
Willems, P., Le sénat de la République Romaine (Louvain, 1878, 1883)
Wilmanns, J. C., Der Sanitätsdienst im Römischen Reich. Eine sozialgeschichtliche Studie zum römischen Militärsanitätswesen nebst einer Prosopographie des Sanitätspersonals (Hildesheim, 1995)
Wiseman, T. P., New Men in the RomanSenate. 139 BC–AD 14 (Oxford, 1971)
Woloch, M., Roman Citizenship and the Athenian Elite, AD 96–161. Two Prosopographical Catalogues (Amsterdam, 1973)

2.Byzantium

Cheynet, J.-C., Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210) (Paris, 1990)
——,  ‘L’aristocracie byzantine (viii-xiii siècle), Journal des savants (2000), 281-322
Erhart, V., ‘The Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Bibliographical Database’, Medieval Prosopography, 17:1 (1996),  213–22
Kazhdan, A. P., with Silvia Ronchey,  L’aristocrazia bizantina dal principio dell’XI alla fine del XII secolo (Palermo, 1997)
Ludwig, Claudia, ‘Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit’, in Byzantium: Identity, Image, Influence. XIX International Congress of Byzantine Studies, University of Copenhagen, 1824 August 1996, Major Papers, ed. C. Fledelius (Kopenhagen, 1996), pp. 430–4
Ludwig, Claudia, et al. (ed.), Siegel und Siegler. Akten des 8. Internationalen Symposions für Byzantinische Sigillographie (Frankfurt, 2005) pp. 105–14
Magdalino, P., ‘The contribution of prosopography: the Byzantine Empire or why prosopography? A question of identity’, Fifty Years of Prosopography. The Later Roman Empire, Byzantium and Beyond, ed. A. Cameron (Oxford and New York, 2003), pp. 42–56
Martindale, J. R., Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire. I, 641–867 , published on CD-Rom (Ashgate, 2001)
Nicol, D. M., Studies in Late Byzantine History and Prosopography (London, 1986)
——, the Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) ca. 1100-1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical Study (Washington, 1968)
——, A Biographical Dictionary of the Byzantine Empire (London, 1991)
Polemis, D. I., The Doukai: a Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography (London, 1968)
Pratsch, T., ‘The Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinishen Zeit (641/2–1025) at the Berlin-Bradenburg Academy of Sciences’, Medieval Prosopography, 17:1 1996), 193–204
Rupke, J., Fasti Sacerdotum : A Prosopography of Pagan, Jewish and Christian Religious Officials in the City of Rome, 300 BC 60 AD 499 (Oxford, 2008)
Savvides, Alexis G. C., ‘Bibliographical advances in Byzantine prosopography of the middle and later periods: Part One’, Medieval Prosopography (1992) 13:1,67–154
——, ‘Notes on twelfth-century Byzantine prosopography’, Vyzantiaka, 14 (1994),  341–53.
——, ‘The secular prosopography of the Byzantine maritime theme of the Carabisians/Cibyrraeots’, Byzantinoslavica, 59:1 (1998), 22–45
——, Encyclopaedic Prosopographical Lexikon of Byzantine History and Civilization,  ed. Alexios Savvides, Benjamin Hendricks, Alicia Simpson, Thekla Sansaridou-Hendricks (Turnhout, 2006– ) [English translation, to be published in 8 vols, of the Greek publication, Athens, 1996–2006]
Smythe, D. C., ‘Byzantine identity and labelling theory’ in Byzantium: Identity, Image Influence, ed. K. Fledelius and P. Schreiner (Copenhagen, 1996), pp. 26–36
Smythe, D. C., ‘Prosopography’, in Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies, edited Robin Cormack, John Haldon and Elizabeth Jeffreys (Oxford, forthcoming)
Trapp, E., Walther, R., et al., Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit (Vienna, 1976–96)
Winkelmann, F., Ralph Johannes Lilie et al, Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit Erste Abteilung (641–867) (7 vols., Berlin, 1998–2001)

3.Medieval World (including Islam)

Baslez , M. F. et Prévot ed., Prosopographie et histoire religieuse. Actes du colloque tenu en l'Université Paris XII-Val de Marne les 27 & 28 octobre 2000  (Paris, 2005)
Borgolte, M., Die Grafen Alemanniens in merowingischer und karolingischer Zeit: eine Prosopographie (Sigmaringen, 1986)
Bulst, N., ‘Die französischen Generalstände von 1468 und 1484: prosopographische Untersuchungen zu den Delegierten, Sigmaringen’, Beihefte der Francia, 26 (1992)
—— and J.-P. Genet,  Lives and the Historian: Studies in  Prosopography. Proceedings of the First International Interdisciplinary Conference on  Prosopography (Bielefeld, Germany, December 1982) (Kalamazoo, 1986)
Burke, P., ‘Prosopographie van de Renaissance’, Millennium. Tijdschrift voor middeleeuwse studies,7 (1993), 14-22
Courtenay, W. J., ‘Prosopography and university sources: the case of Paris’,  Prosopography, 22 (2001),  143-52
Day, G. W., ‘Genoese prosopography (12th-13th centuries): the state of the question and suggestions for research’,  Medieval Prosopography, 4:1 (1983),  31-44
Depreux, P., Prosopographie de l'entourage de Louis le Pieux (781-840) (Sigmaringen, 1997)
Ebling, H., Prosopographie der Amtstrager des Merowingerreiches: von Chlothar II. (613) bis KarlMartell (714) (München, 1974)
Emden, A. B., A Biographical Register of the Univeristy of Oxford to A.D. 1500 (Oxford, 1957-9)
——, A Biographical Register of the University of Cambridge to 1500 (Cambridge, 1963)
Farge, James K, Students and Teachers at the University of Paris: The Generation of 1500 A Critical Edition of Bibliothèquedel'Universitéde Paris (Sorbonne), Archives, Registres 89 and 90  (Leiden, 2006)
Fleckenstein, J., and Karl Schmid, eds.., Adel und Kirche. Gerd Tellenbach zum 65 Geburtstag dargebracht von Freuden und Schulern (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1968)
Garcia Moreno,  L. A., Prosopografia del reino visigodo de Toledo (Salamanca, 1974)
Gramsch, Robert, Erfurter Juristen im Spätmittelalter Die Karrieremuster und Tätigkeitsfelder einer gelehrter Elite des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts (Leiden, 2003)
Grauwe, J. d. and F. Timmermans, ProsopographiaCartusianaBelgica renovata (1314-1796) (Salzburg, 1999)
Grauwe, J. d., ProsopographiaCartusianaBelgica (1314-1796) (Ghent, 1976)
Greatrex, J., Biographical Register of the English Cathedral Priories of the Province   of Canterbury: c. 1066-1540 (Oxford, 1997)
Heinzelmann, Martin, ‘Prosopographie et recherche de continuité historique: l’exemple des Ve–VIIIe siècles’, Mélanges de l’Ecole française de Rome. Moyen Âge – Temps Modernes, 100 (1988) 227–39
——, ‘Gallische Prosopographie 260–527’, Francia, 10 (1982) pp. 531–718
——, La noblesse du Haut moyen âge (VIIIe–XIe siècles), dans: Le Moyen Âge 83 (1977) p. 131–44
——, ’Les changements de la dénomination latine à la fin de l’Antiquité’, in Famille et parenté dans l’Occident médiéval (Rome, 1977) (Collection de l’Ecole française de Rome, 30), pp. 19–24
——, ‘Neue Aspekte der biographischen und hagiographischen Literatur in der lateinischen Welt (1.–6. Jahrhundert)’: Francia, 1 (1973) pp. 27–44
——, ‘Prosopographie et recherche de continuité historique: l’exemple des Ve–VIIIe siècles’, Mélanges de l’Ecole française de Rome. Moyen Âge – Temps Modernes, 100 (1988) p. 227–39
——, ‘Die Gallische Prosopographie 260–527: Erfahrungen und Bemerkungen’, Person und Name. Methodische Probleme bei der Erstellung eines Personennamenbuches des Frühmittelalters, ed. Dieter Geuenich, Wolfgang Haubrichs, Jörg Jarnut, Ergänzungsbände zum Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, 32 (Berlin and New York 2002), pp. 18–29
Jackmann, Donald C., The Konradiner A Study in Genealogical Methodology (Frankfurt, 1990)
——, Criticism and Critique: Sidelights on the Konradiner, Prosopographica et Genealogica 1(Oxford, 1997)
Jarnut, Jörg, Prosopographische und sozialgeschichtliche Studien zum Langobardenreiche in Italien (568-774) (Bonn, 1972)
Keats-Rohan, K. S. B., Domesday People: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166. II Pipe Rolls to CartaeBaronum (Woodbridge, 1999);  Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166. I Domesday Book (Woodbridge, 2002)
——, and C. Settipani, ed. Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident médiéval, Prosopographica et Genealogica 3 (Oxford, 2000)
Kouamé, Thierry, Le collège de Dormans-Beauvais à la fin du Moyen Âge. Stratégies    politiques et parcours individuels à l'Université de Paris (1370-1458) (Leiden, 2005)
Mattéoni, O., Servir le Prince. Les officiers des ducs de Bourbon à la fin du Moyen Age (1356-1523) (Paris, 1998)
Matz, J.-M., F. Comte, et al., Diocèse d'Angers (Turnhout, 2003)
Meouak, Mohamed, ‘Prosopography of the political elites and the ‘sociography’ of the Umayyad state of Cordoba’,  Prosopography, 23 (2002), 167-84
Millet, H., Les chanoines du chapitre cathédral de Laon (1272-1412) (Rome, 1982)
 ——, and P. Desportes, eds., Fasti ecclesiae Gallicanae. Répertoire prosopographique des évêques, dignitaires et chanoines de France de 1200 à 1500, (Turnhout, 1996– )
Müller, A., Migration and Prosopography: Data Base Orientated Source Editions, (Kalamazoo,1988)
Murray, Alan V., The CrusaderKingdom of Jerusalem. A Dynastic History, 1099-1125, Prosopographica et Genealogica 4 (Oxford, 2000)
Neiske, F., ‘Die Erforschung von Personen und Gemeinschaftem des Mittelalters mit Hilfe der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung’, in L'Histoire médiévale et les ordinateurs, ed. K. F. Werner (Munich, 1981), pp. 77-109
——, ‘L'identification des individus dans les nécrologes du Haut-Moyen-Age’, Le médiéviste et l'ordinateur, 4 (1980),  6-9
——, ‘Concordances et différences dans les nécrologes clunisiens. Aspects d'une analyse statistique’, Revue d'histoire de l'église de France, 68 (1982), 257-67
Pycke, J., Le Chapitre Cathédral Notre-Dame de Tournai de la fin du XIe à la fin du XIIIe siècle. Son organisation, sa vie, ses membres (Louvain-la-Neuve/Brussels, 1986)
——, Répertoire biographique des chanoines de Notre-Dame de Tournai, 1080-1300 (Brussel, 1988)
Rehberg, A., Die Kanoniker von S. Giovanni in Laterano und S. Maria Maggiore im 14. Jahrhundert: eine Prosopographie (Tübingen, 1999)
Renardy, C., Le monde des maîtres universitaires du diocèse de Liège 1140-1350. Recherches sur sa composition et ses activités (Paris, 1979)
——, Les maîtres universitaires du diocèse de Liège. Repertoire biographique 1140-1350 (Paris, 1981)
Rheubottom, D., ‘Computers and the political structure of a fifteenth-century city-state (Ragusa)’, History and Computing, P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987): 126-32
Ridder-Symoens, H. de, ‘Prosopografie en middeleeuwse gechiedenis: een onmogelilijke mog, elijkheid?’, in Handelingender Maatschappij voor Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde te Gent, n. R., 45 (1991), 95-117
Robinson, C. F., Islamic Historiography (Cambridge, 2003)
Roskell, J. S., L. Clark, et al., eds., The History of Parliament: the House of Commons, 1386-1421 (Stroud, 1993)
Schmid, Karl, ‘Zur Problematik von Familié, Sippe und Geschlecht. Haus und Dynastie beim mittelalterlichen Adel’, Zeitschrift Geschichte des Oberrheins, 105 (nouv. série lxvi) (1958), 1-62
——, ‘Über die Struktur des Adels im früheren Mittelalter’, Jahrbuch f. fränk. Landesforschung, 19 (1959), 1 -23
Schuler, P.-J., Notare Südwestdeutschlands: ein prosopographisches Verzeichnis für die Zeit von 1300 bis ca. 1520 (Stuttgart, 1987)
Shagrir, Iris, Naming Patterns in the LatinKingdom of Jerusalem, Prosopographica et Gnealogica 12(Oxford, 2003)
Selle-Hosbach, K., Prosopographie merowingischer Amtsträger in der Zeit von 511 bis 613 (Bonn, 1974)
Settipani, Christian, La Noblesse du midi carolingien, Prosopographica et Genealogica 5 (Oxford, 2004)
Stasser, Thierry, Ou sont les femmes? Prosopographie des femmes des familles princières et ducales en Italie méridionale 774-1100, Prosopographica et Genealogica 9 (Oxford, 2007)
Steenweg, H., ‘Using a computer to analyse the social structure and social topography of a mediaeval town’, in Storia and Multimedia, Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of the Association for History and Computing, (Bologna,1994)
Taylor, B., The Archdeacons of Surrey: A Provisional Prosopography (Guildford, 1992)
Tellenbach, Gerd, Ausgewählte Abhandlungen und Aufsätze, (4 vols., Stuttgart 1988-89)
——, Königtum und Stämme in der Werdezeit des deutschen Reiches (Weimar, 1939)
——, ‘Liturgische Gedenkbucher als historische Quellen’, in Mélanges EugPne Tisserant, t. 5, Studi e Testi, 235 (Rome, 1964), pp. 389-402
——, Zur Bedeutung der Personenforschung für die Erkenntnis des früheren Mittelalters, Freiburger Universitätsreden,  n.s. 25 (Freiburg, 1957)
Veldtrup, D., Prosopographische Studien zur Geschichte Oppelns als herzoglicher Residenzstadt im Mittelalter (Berlin, 1995)
Vilella Masana, Josep, Relaciones exteriores dela Península Ibérica durante la Baja Romanidad (300-777): prosopografía (Barcelona, 1987)
Vones-Liebenstein, Ursula, ‘El método prosopográfico como punto de partida de la historiografía eclesiástica’, Anuario de Historia de la Iglesia, 14 (2005), 351-64
Werner, K. F., ‘Untersuchungen zur Frühzeit des Französischen Fürstentums (9-10 Jahrhundert)’, Die Welt als Geschichte,18 (1958) 256-89; 19 (1959), 146-93; 20 (1960), 87-119
——, ‘Bedeutende Adelsfamilien’, Karl der Grosse: Lebenswerk und Nachleben, ed. H. Braunfels, H. Beumann and B. Bischoff (Düsseldorf, 1965) vol. 1, pp. 3-142
——, ‘L’apport de la prosopographie à l'histoire sociale des élites’, Family Trees and the Roots of Politics: the Prosopography of Britain and France from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century, ed. K. S. B. Keats-Rohan (Woodbridge, 1997), pp. 1-12
 Westerhoff, F.-W., Gruppensuche: Ein Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Personen und Personengruppen in mittelalterlichen Namenquellen, Dokumentationsband zum EDV-Kolloquium 1985, herausgegeben vom Rektor der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität und dem Leiter des Universitätsrechenzentrums (Münster, 1985)
 Witkowski, R., Prosopographia Polono-Cartusiana (Salzburg, 1997)
 Wollasch, J., ‘Parenté noble et monachisme réformateur. Observations sur les ‘conversions’ à la vie monastique aux XIe et XIIe siècles’, Revue Historique, 264 (1980), 3-24
——, ed. Prosopographie als Sozialgeschichte? Methoden personengegeschichtlicher Erforschung des Mittelalters (Munich, 1978)

4.Modern

Adam, F. and T. Innes of Learney, The Clans, Septs, and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands (Edinburgh, 1970)
Anceau, Eric, Les députés du Second Empire. Prosopographie d'une élite du XIXe siècle (Paris, 2000)
Autrand, F., ed. Prosopographie et genèse de l’État moderne : actes de la table ronde (Paris, 1986)
Aylmer, G. E., ‘Prosopography and Seventeenth-Century England’, in L'État moderne et les Élites XIIIe-XVIIIe siècles. Apports limites de la méthode prosopographiques. Actes du Colloque International CNRS-Paris I, 16-19 octobre 1991 (Paris, 1996), pp. 19-26
Bächler, H. M., ‘A prosopographical and topographical evaluation of the first Bürgerbuch of Freiburg, Switzerland’, Computers and the Humanities 12:1-2 (1979),  137-44
Beerens, Anna, Friends, Acquaintances, Pupils and Patrons: Japanese Intellectual Life in the Late Eighteenth Century: a Prosopographical Approach (Amsterdam, 2006)
Bottomore, T. B., Elites and Society (London, 1993)
Bourdieu, Pierre, Les elites de la Republique, 1880-1900 (Paris, 1987)
———,   La Republique des universitaires, 1870-1940 (Paris, 1994)
———, Les Intellectuels en Europe au XIXe siecle. Essaid'histoire comparée (Paris, 1994)
Bruneau, William, ‘Towards a new Collective Biography: the University of British Columbia Professoriate, 1915-1945’, Canadian Journal of Education, 19.1 (1994), 65-79
Bulst, N. and J.-P. Genet eds, La Ville, la bourgeoisie et la genèse de l’État moderne (XIIe-XVIIIe siècles) (Paris, 1988)
Burke, P., Venise et Amsterdam. Étude des élites urbaines a XVIIe siècle (Saint-Pierre-de-Salerne, 1992)
Burke, P., The Italian Renaissance: Culture and Society in Italy (Cambridge, 1987)
Charle, C., Les élites de la République, 1880-1900 (Paris, 1987)
Chaumié, J., ‘Les Girondins et les Cent Jours. Essai d'explication de leur comportement par leurs origines géographiques et sociales et leur passé politique (1793-1815)’, Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française, 205 (1971),  329-65
Cromwell, V., ‘Computerizing the History of Parliament: a major opportunity’, Storia and Multimedia, Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of the Association for History and Computing (Bologna, 1994)
Dasque, I., ‘A la recherche de Monsieur de Norpois: prosopographie des ambassadeurs et des ministres plenipotentiares sous la troisième Republique (1871-1914)’, Revue d'Histoire Diplomatique, 144:4 (2000), 261-88
Duijvendak, M. G. J. and A. J. A. Felling, Longitudinal Network Analysis, Prosopography and Narrative: the rise of a Roman Catholic Elite in a Dutch region 1800 1920 (Groningen, 1993)
Erlach, D., ‘A prosopographical onscreen manual of the Austro-Bohemian nobility in the Early Modern period’ Storia and Multimedia, Proceedings of the 7th International Congress Association for History and Computing (Bologna,1994)
Faroqhi, Suraiya, ‘Civilian society and political power in the Ottoman Empire: a report on research in collective biography (1480-30), International Journal of Middle East Studies, 17 (1985), 109-17
Gardey, P., ‘Le mariage de l'histoire serielle et de la prosopographie: ou l'histoire de Guillaume Nonlabade, negociant bordelais ordinaire, de la guerre d'Amerique a la restauration’, Histoire, Economie et Societe, 21:3 (2002),  303-21
Gatewood, W. B., Aristocrats of Color: the Black Elite, 1880-1920 (Bloomington, 1990)
Genet, J.-P. and G. Lottes, L’État moderne et les élites XIIIe-XVIIIe siècles. Apports et limites de la méthode prosopographique (Paris, 1996)
Guttsman, W. L., The German Social Democratic Party, 1875-1933: from Ghetto to Government (London, 1981)
Henker, M., ‘Zur Prosopographie der Pfalz Neuburgischen Zentralbehörden im siebzehnten Jahrhundert’, Doctoral Dissertation der Philosophie München (1984)
Jones, Diana K., ‘Researching groups of lives: a collective biographical perspective on the Protestant ethic debate’, Qualitative Research, 1 (2001), 325-46
Koh, B. C., Japan's Administrative Elite (Berkeley, 1989)
Lane, D. S. and R. Cameron, ‘Russian political elites, 1991-1995: recruitment and renewal’, International Politics, 34 (1997),  169-92
Lind, G., ‘Military and absolutism. The army officers of Denmark-Norway as a social group and political factor, 1660-1848’, Scandinavian Journal of History, 12 (1987),  221-43
Mawdsley, E. and S. White, The Soviet elite from Lenin to Gorbachev: the Central Committee and its members, 1917-1991 (Oxford, 2000)
Merton, R. K., Science, Technology, and Society in Seventeenth Century England (Bruges, 1938)
Morris, R. J., ‘Voluntary societies and British urban elites, 1780-1850: an analysis’, Historical Journal, 26:1 (1983),  95-118
Morton, G., Unionist-Nationalism: Governing Urban Scotland, 1830-1860 (East Linton, 1999)
Nagle, J., M. Perrichet, et al., Prosopographie des élites françaises (XVIe XXe siècles): guide de recherche. (Paris, 1980)
Namier, L. B., The Structure of Politics at the Accession of GeorgeIII (London, 1929)
Nicolas, S., Les Derniers maîtres des requêtes de l'Ancien Régime (1771-1789): dictionnaire prosopographique, Mémoires et documents de l'Ecole des chartes, 51 (Paris, 1998)
Nivet, P., Le Conseil municipal de Paris de 1944 à 1977 (Paris, 1994)
Pennetier, C. and N. Viet-Depaule, ‘Pour une prosopographie des élus locaux de la Seine (1919-1940): un premier bilan d'une enquête’, Paris et Ile de France, 38 (1987),  205-215.
Plamper, J., ‘The Russian Orthodox episcopate, 1721-1917: a prosopography’, Journal of Social History, 34 (2000),  5-34
Poe, M. T., ‘Elite service registry in Muscovy, 1500-1700’, Russian History/Histoire Russe, 21(1994),  251-88.
Popoff , M. (ed), Prosopographie des gens du Parlement de Paris (1266–1753) (St Nazaire, 1996)
Prest, J. M., Liberty and Locality: Parliament, Permissive Legislation, and Ratepayers' Democracies in the Nineteenth Century (Oxford, 1990)
Rohr, Deborah, The Careers of British Musicians, 1750-1850: A Profession of Artisans, Cambridge, 2001
Rothacher, A., The Japanese Power Elite (New York and Basingstoke, 1993)
Sainclivier, Jacqueline, ‘Essai de prosopographie comparée des dirigeants de la Résistance’, in La Résistance et les Français. Enjeux stratégiques environnement social, ed. J. Sainclivier and Christian Bougeard (Rennes, 1995)
Stone, L., The Crisis of the Aristocracy (Oxford, 1964)
Tackett, T., Becoming a Revolutionary: the Deputies of the French National Assembly and the Emergence of a Revolutionary Culture (1789-1790) (Princeton, 1996)
Ziegler, H., Nazi Germany's New Aristocracy: The SS Leadership, 1925-1939 (Princeton, 1989)

II Approaches to Prosopography

1. Method (see also Data Modelling and Biographical Method)

Beech, G. T., ‘Prosopography’, in  Studies: An Introduction, ed. J. Powell (Syracuse, N.Y, 1976), pp.151-184 [very dated]
Beringer, R. E., Historical Analysis: Contemporary Approaches to Clio's Craft (New York, 1978)
Boer, W. den, ‘Die prosopographische Methode in der modernen Historiographie der Kaiserzeit’, Mnemosyne,22 (1969), 268–80
Broady, D., ‘French prosopography: definition and suggested readings’, in: Poetics: Journal of Empirical Research on Culture, the Media and the Arts, 30 (2002), 381-5
Brooke, J., ‘Namier and Namierism’, History and Theory, 3 (1964),  331-47
Bulst, Neithard,  ‘Objet et méthode de la prosopographie’, Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Moyen Age–Temps modernes. T. 100, 1988, 1, La prosopographie. Problèmes et méthodes, 467-82
Carney, T. F., ‘Prosopographie payoffs and pitfalls’, Phoenix: Journal of the Classical Association of Canada,27 (1993),  156-79
Charle, C., J. Nagle, et al., eds., Prosopographie des élites françaises (XVIe-XXe siècles): guide de recherche (Paris, 1980)
Chastagnol, A., ‘La prosopographie, méthode de recherche sur l'histoire du Bas-Empire’, Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations,  25 (1970),  1229-35
Corbier, M., ‘Pour une pluralité des approaches prosopographiques’, Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen Age-Temps Modernes, 100/1 (1988),  187-97
Eck, W., ed., Prosopographie und Sozialgeschichte: Studien zur Methodik und Erkenntnismoglichkeit der kaiserzeitlichen Prosopographie: Kolloquium, Koln, 24.-26. November 1991 (Koln, 1993)
Ferrarotti, F., Histoire et histoires de vies: la méthode biographique dans les sciences sociales (Paris, 1990)
Freed, J. B., ‘The prosopography of ecclesiastical elites: some methodological considerations from Salzburg’, Medieval Prosopography, 9:2 (1988),  33-59
Claude Gauvard, ‘La prosopographie des criminels en France a la fin du moyen age: methode et resultats’, in J.-Ph. Genet et G. Lottes, ed., L'Etat Moderne et les Elites: Apports et Limites de la méthode Prosopographique (Paris, 1996), pp. 445-52 
Genet, J.-P., ‘Die kollektive Biographie von Mikropopulationen: Faktorenanalyse als Untersuchungsmethode’, Quantitative Methoden in der Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte der Vorneuzeit, ed. F. Irsigler (Stuttgart, 1978)
—— and G. Lottes, eds., L'Etat Moderne et les Elites: Apports et Limites de la méthode Prosopographique (Paris, 1996)
Greatrex, J., ‘Prosopographical perspectives, or what can be done with five thousand monastic biographies?’, Medieval Prosopography, 20 (1999),  129-45
Hillebrandt, Maria , ‘The Cluniac charters. remarks on a quantitative approach for prosopographical studies’, Medieval Prosopography, 3 (1982),  3-25
Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and D. E. Thornton, ‘COEL and the computer: towards a prosopographical key to Anglo-Norman documents, 1066-1166’, Medieval Prosopography, 17:1 (1996),  223-62
Kittell, E. E., ‘The construction of women's social identity in medieval Douai: Evidence from identifying epithets’, Journal of Medieval History  25:3 (1999),  215-27
Klapisch-Zuber, C., ‘Quelques réflections sur les rapports entre prosopographie et démographie historique’, in Medieval Lives and the Historian: Studies in Medieval Prosopography, N. Bulst and J. P. Genet (Kalamazoo, 1986)
Martin, M. d. S., ‘Quelques remarques à propos de quelques questions posés par l'étude sociologique de la classe dominante’, in Medieval Lives and the Historian: Studies in Medieval Prosopography, eds. N. Bulst and J. P. Genet (Kalamazoo, 1986)
Maurin, J., ‘La prosopographie romaine: pertes et profits’, Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 37 (1982),  824-36
Nicolet, C., ‘Prosopographie et histoire sociale: Rome et l'Italie à l'époque républicaine’, Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 25 (1970), 1209-28
Peremans, W. and Van ‘T Dack, ‘Questions de méthode dans la Prosopographia Ptolemaica’, in Actes du IIe Congrès international d'épigraphie grecque et latine (Paris, 1953)
Pflaum, H. G., ‘Les progrès des recherches prosopographiques concernant l'époque du Haut-Empire durant le dernier quart de siècle (1945-1970)’, Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, ii:1 (1974), 113-35
Pflaum, H. G., ‘Quelques réflexions sur l'interprétation prosopographique’, Rheinisches Museum, 115 (1972),  318-21
Ritter, G. A., R. Vierhaus, et al., ‘Aspekte der historischen Forschung in Frankreich und Deutschland: Schwerpunkte und Methoden/Aspects de la recherche historique en France et en Allemagne: tendances et méthodes’, Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte, 69 (1991)
Stone, L., ‘Prosopography’, Daedalus 100 (1971),  46-79
——, ‘Prosopography’, in Historical Studies Today, ed. F. Gilbert and S. Graubard (New York, 1972), pp.107-40
——, The Past and the Present Revisited (London, 1987)
Sublet, J., ‘La prosopographie arabe’, Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisation  25 (1970),  1236-39
Vones-Liebenstein, Ursula, ‘El método prosopográfico como punto de partida de la historiografía eclesiástica’, Anuario de Historia de la Iglesia, 14 (2005), 351-64
Wrigley, E. A., ed., Identifying People in the Past (London, 1973)

Historical Methods, Special Issue on Record Linkage 25:2 (1992)
‘Prosopography’, in A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing  (London, 1998), p. 745

2. Biographical Method

Alexander, J. W., ‘Medieval Biography: Clio lo volt’, The Historian, 35 (1972), 335-64
Bourdieu, P., ‘L’illusion biographique’, Actes de la rechereche en sciences sociales 62/3 (1986), 69-73; same as Pierre Bourdieu: Raisons pratiques, Sur la théorie de l'action (Paris, 1994), Chapitre 3, Annexe 1
Clapier-Valladon, S. and J. Poirier, L’Approche biographique. Réflexions épistémologiques sur une méthode de recherche (Nice, 1983)
Ferrarotti, F., Histoire et histoires de vies: la méthode biographique dans les sciences sociales (Paris, 1990)
Legrand, M., L'Approche biographique (Paris, 1993)
Levi, G., ‘Les usages de la biographie’, Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisation 6 (1989), 1325-36
Meouak, M., ‘Les méthodes biographique et prosopographique: leur application pour l’histoire sociale d’al-Andalus (milieu IIe/VIIIe-fin IVe/Xe siècle’, Mélanges de la Casa de Velazquez. Antiquité-Moyen-Age, 28 (1992), 199-208
Millet, H., ‘Notice biographique et enquête prosopographique’, Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Moyen Age –Temps modernes. T. 100, 1988, 1, La prosopographie. Problèmes et méthodes, 87-111
Neale, J., ‘The Biographical Approach to History’, in Idem, Essays in Elizabethan History (New York, 1958), pp. 229-34
Pillorget, R. ‘La Biographie comme genre historique: sa situation actuelle en France’, Revue d’histoire diplomatique, 96 (1982), 5-42 [originally ‘Die Biographie als historische Gattung. Ihre heutige Lage in Frankreich’, Historisches Jahrbuch, Bd. 99 (1979) 327-54]
Romano, S., ‘Biographie et historiographie’, Revue d' histoire diplomatique,96 (1982), 43-56
Peneff, J., La Méthode biographique (Paris, 1990)
C. Sotinel, ‘Prosopography and biography’, in Problèmes et méthodes de la biographie, actes du colloque, Sorbonne 3-4 mai 1985, ed. F.-O. Touati and M. Trebitsch (Paris 1985), pp. 149-52
Vössing, Konrad (ed.), Biographie und Prosopographie. Internationales Kolloquium zum 65. Geburtstag von Anthony R. Birley (Stuttgart, 2005)

3. Onomastics

Namenforschung / Name Studies / Les noms propres. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Onomastik / An International Handbook of Onomastics / Manuel international d'onomastique, ed. E. Eichler, G. Hilty, H. Löffler, H. Steger, Hugo, L. Zgusta (3 vols., Berlin and New York, 1995-6)
Alford, Richard D., Naming and Identity: A Cross-Cultural Study of Personal Naming Practices (New Haven CN, 1988)
Beck, P., ed., Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne, Tome IV Discours sur le nom : normes, usages, imaginaire (VIe-XVIe siècles) (Tours, 1997)
Bourin, M., ed.,Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne, Tome I  (Tours, 1989)
—— and P. Chareille, ed., Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne, Tome II. Persistances du nom unique  (2 vols, Tours, 1992)
—— and P. Chareille, ed., Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne, Tome III Enquêtes généalogiques et données prosopographiques (Tours, 1995)
—— and P. Chareille, ed., Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne, Tome V, Intégration et exclusion sociales: lectures anthroponymiques (2 vols., Tours, 2002)
——, J.-M. Martin, et al., ed., L'Anthroponymie: document de l'histoire sociale des mondes méditerranéens médiévaux: actes du colloque international organisé par l'Ecole française de Rome, avec le concours du GDR 955 du C.N.R.S. « Genése médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne », Collection de l'École française de Rome, 226 (Rome, 1996)
——  and G. Beech,ed., Personal Names Studies and the History of the Family (Kalamazoo, 2002)
Brendler, Andrea, and Brendler, Silvio, Namenarten und ihre Erforschung. Ein Lehrbuch für das Studium der Onomastik  (Hamburg, 2004)
Clark, Cecily, Words, Names and History. Selected Writings of CecilyClark, ed. Peter Jackson (Cambridge, 1995)
Fraser, P. M., Director, A Lexicon of Greek Personal Names:
LGPN I: Aegean Islands, Cyprus, Cyrenaica, ed. P. M. and E. Matthews (Oxford, 1987)
LGPN II: Attica, ed. S.G. Byrne, M.J. Osborne, (Oxford, 1994,
LGPN III.A: Peloponnese, Western Greece, Sicily, and Magna Graecia ed. P. M. Fraser and E. Matthews (Oxford, 1997)
LGPN III.B: Central Greece: From the Megarid to Thessaly, ed. P. M. Fraser and E. Matthews (Oxford, 2000)
LGPNIV: Macedonia, Thrace, Northern Regions of the Black Sea, ed. P. M. Fraser and E. Matthews Assistant Editor R. W. V. Catling (Oxford, 2005)
Gardiner, Alan, The Theory of Proper Names: A Controversial Essay (2nd ed. Oxford, 1954)
Geuenich, D., ‘Möglichkeiten lemmatisierter Personennamenregister’, Onoma, 21 (1977),  364-76
Geuenich, D., W. Haubrichs, et al., Nomen et Gens. Zur historischen Aussagekraft frümittelalterlicher Personnamen (Berlin, 1997)
Härtel, Reinhard, ed., Personennamen und Identität. Namengebung und Namengebrauch als Anzeiger individueller Bestimmung und gruppenbezogener Zuordnung. Akten der Akademie Friesach 'Stadt und Kultur im Mittelalter', Friesach (Kärnten), 25. bis 29. September 1995. (Graz, 1997)
Hornblower, Simon, and Elaine Matthews, ed., Greek Personal Names: Their Value as Evidence, Proceedings of the British Academy, 104 (Oxford,  2001); see also the review by Stephen Lambert, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2001.08.22
Insley, J., ‘Some aspects of regional variation in Early Middle English personal nomenclature’, Leeds Studies in English, new series, 18 (1987), 187-92
Kittell, ‘The construction of women’s social identity in medieval Douai: Evidence from identifying epithets’, Journal of Medieval History, 25:3 (1999), 215-27
J.-M. Martin et F. Menant, Genèse médiévale de l'anthroponymie moderne. L'espace italien, dir., Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Moyen Âge, 106:2 (1994), 108:2 (1995), 110:1 (1998)
McClure, P., ‘Patterns of migration in the late Middle Ages: the evidence of English place-name surnames’, Economic History Review, 32 (1979), 167-82
Mitterauer, Michael, Ahnen und Heilige. Namengebung in der europäische Geschichte (München, 1993)
Postles, D., ‘Personal naming patterns of peasants and burgesses in late medieval England’,  Prosopography, 12:1 (1991),  27-56
Rüthing, H., ‘Der Wechsel von Personennamen in einer spätmittelalterlichen Stadt. Zum Problem der Identifizierung von Personen und zum sozialem Status von Stadtbewohern mit wechselnden oder unvollständigen Namen’, in Medieval Lives and the Historian, ed. N. Bulst and J.-P. Genet, pp. 215-26.
Settipani, C. and K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, eds., Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident médiéval (Oxford, 2000)
Sublet, Jacqueline,  La Voile du nom: essai sur le nom propre Arabe (1991)
——, Cahiers d’onomastique Arabe, 1988-1992 (Paris, 1993)
——, and Christian Müller, Onomasticon Arabicum. Prosopographie de l'islam médiéval. Mise en mémoire des données biographiques (Paris, 2006)

4. Data-Modelling (see also Method)

Adman, P., ‘Computers and History’, in Information Technology in the Humanities: Tools, Techniques and Applications, ed. S. Rahtz (New York, 1987)
Althoff, G., ‘Zum Einsatz der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung in der historischen Personenforschung’, Freiburger Universitätsblätter 52  (1976)
Bayley, N., CAGe Computer Aided Genealogy: a Guide to Using Computer Software for Family History (Farnborough, 1995)
Becker, P., ‘Making individuals:some remarks on the creation of a prosopographical catalogue with KLEIO’, in L’État moderne et les élites XIIIe-XVIIIe siècles, eds. J.-P. Genet, and Günther Lottes (Paris, 1996), pp. 51-62
Beshers, J. M., Computer Methods in the Analysis of Large-Scale Social Systems, Proceedings of a Conference held at the Joint Center for Urban Studies of the MIT and Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachussetts, on October 19-21, 1964 (Cambridge MA,1968)
Bijsterveld, A.-J. and K. Mandemakers, ‘La prosopographie et les échantillons aléatoires. Les cas des curés en Brabant du nord de 1400 à 1570’, Histoire et Mesure 19 (1994),  51-65
Bouchard, G. and C. Pouyez, ‘Name Variations and computerised record linkage’, Historical Methods, 13:2 (1980) 119-25.
Bourlet, C., A. Guillaumont, et al., ‘Intelligence artificielle et prosopographie’, Le médiéviste et l’ordinateur, 15 (1986)
Bourlet, C., ‘A declarative system for setting up a prosopographical database’, in  History and Computing, ed. P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987), 186-191
Bradley, J., ‘Relational Database Design and the Reconstruction of the British Medical Profession: Constraints and Strategies’, History and Computing, 6:2 (1994), 71-84
Brent Jr, E. E., ‘Relational data base structures and concept formation in the social sciences’, Computing and the Social Sciences, 1:1 (1985) 29-49
Breure, L., ‘The cognative basis of late  religious biographies’, Computers and the Humanities 12:1-2  (1979),  145-54
Bulst, N., ‘Prosopography and the Computer’, History and Computing II, ed. P. Denley, S. Fogelvik and C. Harvey (Manchester, 1989), pp.12-19
Burnard, L., ‘Primary to secondary: using the computer as a tool for textual analysis in historical research’, History and Computing, ed. P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987), pp. 228-33
Cohen, Gidon  ‘Propensity score methods and the Lenin School’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 36:2 (2005), 209-32
Gidon Cohen, ‘Missing, biased and unrepresentative: the quantitative analysis of multisource biographical data’, Historical Methods, 35:4 (2002), 166-76
Coppock, J. T., ed., Information Technology and Scholarship. Applications in the Humanities and Social Sciences (Oxford, 1999)
Croenen, Godfried, ‘Prosopography and source oriented data processing with Kleio’, in Prosopography and Computer. Contributions of Medievalists and Modernists on the Use of Computer in Historical Research, eds. Koen Goudriaan, Kees Mandemakers, Jogchum Reitsma & Peter Stebel (Leuven/Appeldoorn, 1995), pp.195-209
Damkjer, O., ‘Inductive Methods in Prosopography’, Yesterday, the 6th International Conference of the Association of History and Computing, Odense (Odense, 1994)
Date, C. J., Relational Database: Selected Writings (Reading, Mass.; Wokingham, 1986)
Denley, P., ‘Source-oriented prosopography: Kleio and the creation of a data bank of italian renaissance university teachers and students’, in Storia & Multimedia, eds. F. Bocchi and P. Denley (Bologna, 1994), pp.150-60
——, Prosopography and Computing, The Teaching of Historical Computing: An International Framework (St. Katharinen, 1993)
—— and D. Hopkin, eds., History and Computing (Manchester, 1987)
——, ed., Computing Techniques and the History of Universities, Halbgraue Reihe zur historischen Fachinformatik. Serie A, Historische Quellenkunden; Bd. 30 (St. Katharinen, 1996)
——, S. Fogelvik, et al., eds., History and Computing II (Manchester, 1989)
Evans, R., ‘The analysis by computer of A. B. Emden's Biographical Registers of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge’,  Medieval Lives and the Historian: Studies in  Medieval Prosopography, ed. N. Bulst and J.-P. Genet(Kalamazoo, 1986)
Feinstein, C. H. and M. Thomas, Making History Count: A Primer in Quantitative Methods for Historians (Cambridge, 2002)
Fitch, N., ‘Statistical fantasies and historical facts: history in crisis and its methodological implications’, Historical Methods, 17 (1984), 239-254
Floud, R., An introduction to Quantitative Methods for Historians (London, 1990)
Genet, J.-P., ‘Histoire, informatique, mesure’, Histoire et Mesure, i:1, (1986) 7-18
——,  ‘L’informatique au service de la prosopographie: PROSOP’, Mélanges de l’Ecole Française de Rome (Moyen Age - Temps Modern), c (1988)247-263
——,  ‘The PROSOP System and the problem of standardization and exchange of data’, in F. Hausmann, R. Hartel, I. H. Kropac and P. Becker ed., Datennetze Für Die Historischen Wissenschaften? (Graz,1987), 82-7
——,  The PROSOP system, History and Computing, P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987)
Geuenich, D., ‘Der Computer als Hilfsmittel der Namen- und Sprachsforschung’, Freiburger Universitätsblätter, 51(1976),  33-45
Gorski, R., ‘A methodological holy grail: nominal record linkage in a medieval context’,  Prosopography, 17:2 (1996),  145-80
Goudriaan, K., K. Mandemakers, et al., Prosopography and Computer: Contributions of Mediaevalists and Modernists on the Use of Computer in Historical Research (Leuven, 1995)
Greenstein, D. I., A Historian’s Guide to Computing (Oxford, New York, 1994)
——, ‘A source-oriented approach to history and computing. the relational database’, Historical social research/Historische sozialforschung, 14:3 (1989),  9-16
——, ‘Multi-Sourced and integrated databases for the prosopographer’, History and Computing III, ed. E. Mawdsley (Manchester and New York, 1990), pp. 60-7
——, ed., Modelling Historical Data. Towards a Standard for Encoding and Exchanging Machine-Readable Texts (St Katharinen, 1991)
Harvey, C. and J. Press, Databases in Historical Research: Theory, Methods and Applications (Basingstoke, 1996)
Haskins, L. and K. Jeffrey, Understanding Quantitative History (Cambridge, 1990)
Hawgood, D., Computers for Family History: An Introduction
Jarausch, K. H. and K. A. Hardy, Quantitative Methods For Historians: A Guide to Research, Data, and Statistics (Chapel Hill and London, 1991)
Keats-Rohan, K. S. B., ‘Historical Text Archives and Prosopography: the COEL Database System’, History and Computing, 10 (1998),  57-72
——, ed., Resourcing Sources (computers and prosopography), Prosopographica et Genealogica 7 (Oxford, 2002)
Kelle, U., G. Prein, et al., eds., Computer-Aided Qualitative Data Analysis: Theory, Methods and Practice (London, 1995)
Kropac, Ingo H., ‘Who’s who in the southeast of Germany: the design of the prosopographical data bank of Graz University’, in History and Computing II, eds. P. Denley, S. Fogelvik & C. Harvey (Manchester, 1989), pp. 273-9
——. and P. Becker, ‘Die Prosopographische Datenbank zur Geschichte der südöstlichen Reichsgebiete bis 1250 (PDB): Konzepte und Kurzdokumentation’, Medium Aevum Quotidianum 10 (1987), 30-48
Kowalski, R., ‘Logic as a Database Language’, Proceedings of the Third British National Conference on Databases (Cambridge,1984)
Levermann, W., ‘Historical data bases and the context sensitive handling of data. towards the development of historical data base management software’, Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung,16:4 (1991), 74-88
Lind, G., ‘Data Structures for Computer Prosopography’, Yesterday, the 6th International Conference of the Association of History and Computing, Odense (Odense, 1994)
Lipkin, J., ‘Data base development and analysis for the social historian’, Computers and the Humanities: Special Issue:  Studies and the Computer, 12:1-2 (1979),  113-25
Lipp, Carola, ‘Symbolic dimensions of serial sources. Hermeneutical problems of reconstructing political biographies based on computerized record linkage’, Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, 15:1 (1990), 30–40
Luzzati, M., ‘The use of computers in editing baptismal records in Pisa’, Computers and the Humanities: Special Issue:  Studies and the Computer., 12:1-2  (1979),  155-64
Macinnes, I., ‘Biographical data and its graphical presentation: Scottish Parliamentary Commissioners, 1357-1707’, in Storia and Multimedia, Proceedings of the 7th International Congress Association for History and Computing (Bologna,1994)
Mathisen, R. W., ‘Medieval prosopography and computers: theoretical and methodological considerations’,  Prosopography, 9:2, (1988),  73-128
——, ‘A prosopographical database for Late Antiquity’, History and Computing Today, 4 (1988), 35-40
——, ‘Creating and using a biographical database for Late Antiquity’, History Microcomputer Review, 5:2 (1989), 7-22
——, ‘Preliminary considerations on a prosopographical database for Late Antiquity’, Computers and the Classics, 5 (1989) suppl., 1-5
Mawdsley, E. and T. Munck, Computing for Historians - an Introductory Guide (Manchester and New York, 1993)
Mawdsley, E., ed., History and Computing III: Historians, Computers, and Data: Applications in Research and Teaching (Manchester and New York, 1990)
Miall, D. S., Humanities and the Computer: New Directions (Oxford, 1990)
Miles, M. B. and A. M. Huberman, Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook (London, 1994)
Millet, H., ‘La recontre prosopographie et informatique’, Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine Informatique [France], 5 (1984),  111-14
——, ‘From sources to data: the construction of a prosopographical data-bank’, in History and Computing,eds. P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987), pp. 186-91
——, ‘Notice biographique et enquête prosopographique’, Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Moyen Age–Temps modernes. T. 100, 1988, 1, La prosopographie. Problèmes et méthodes, 87-111
——, ed., Informatique et prosopographie: actes de la Table ronde du CNRS, Paris, 25-26 octobre 1984 (Paris, 1985)
Nenadic, S., ‘Identifying social networks with a computer-aided analysis of personal diaries’, History and Computing III: Historians, Computers, and Data: Applications in Research and Teaching, ed. E. Mawdsley (Manchester and New York, 1990), pp. 188-98
Price, G. and A. Gray, ‘Object Orientated Databases and their Application to Historical Data’, History and Computing, 6:2 (1994), 44-51
Riegg, E., ‘Protestant clergymen in German imperial towns from 1552-1629. A prosopographical study’, Histoire et informatique: Ve Congrès ‘History and Computing’:  4-7 Septembre 1990 à Montpellier (Montpellier,1992)
Schürer, K. and H. Diederiks, eds., The Use of Occupations in Historical Analysis (St Katharinen, 1993)
Seidel, J., ‘Method and madness in the application of computer technology to qualitative data analysis’, in Using Computers in Qualitative Research, eds. N. Fielding and R. M. Lee (London, 1991), pp.107-16
Smythe, D., ‘Putting technology to work: the CD ROM version of the prosopography of the Byzantine Empire I (641-867)’, History and Computing 12.1 (2000)85-98.
Talbot, A.-M. and L. F. Sherry, ‘The Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Hagiography Database Project’, Medieval Prosopography, 17:1 (1996), 207-12
Thaller, M., ‘Can we afford to use the computer; can we afford not to use it?’, in Informatique et Prosopographie: actes de la Table ronde du CNRS, Paris, 25-26 octobre 1984 (Paris,1985)
——, ‘Methods and techniques of historical computation’, History and Computing, eds. P. Denley and D. Hopkin (Manchester, 1987), pp. 147-56
——, ‘Have very large data bases methodological relevance?’, in Conceptual and Numerical Analysis of Data, ed. O. Opitz (Berlin, 1989), pp. 311-26
Townsend, S., C. Chappell, et al., Digitising History. A Guide to Creating Digital Resources from Historical Documents (Oxford, 1999)
Weatherill, L. and V. Hemingway, Using and Designing Databases for Academic Work. A Practical Guide (Newcastle, 1994)

5. Social Network Analysis

Barabási, A.-L., Linked: The New Science of Networks (Cambridge MA, 2002)
Boissevain, Jeremy, and J. Clyde Mitchell, eds., Network Analysis: Studies in Human Interaction (The Hague, 1973)
Buchanan, M., Nexus: Small Worlds and the Groundbreaking Science of Networks (New York, 2002)
Duijvendak M. G. J. and A. J. A. Felling,  Longitudinal Network Analysis, Prosopography and Narrative: the Rise of a Roman Catholic Elite in a Dutch Region 1800–1920 (Groningen, 1993)
Emirbayer, M. and J. Goodwin, ‘Network analysis, culture, and the problem of agency’, American Journal of Sociology, 99 (1994), 1411–54
Everett, M. G. and S. P. Borgatti, ‘Network analysis of 2-mode data’, Social Networks, 19 (1996),  243–69
Faust, K., ‘Using correspondance analysis for joint displays of affiliation networks’, Models and Methods in Social Network Analysis, ed. P. Carrington, J. Scott and S. Wasserman (Cambridge, 2005) p. 117–47
Latour, B., Reassembling the Social: an Introduction to Actor-Network Theory (Oxford, 2005)
Wasserman, Stanley and Katherine Faust, Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications (Cambridge, 1994)
Watts, D. J., Small Worlds: The Dynamics of Networks between Order and Randomness (Princeton, 1999)
Wetherell, C., ‘Historical social network analysis’, in New Methods for Social History, ed. M. van der Linden and L. J. Griffin (Cambridge, 1999), pp.125–44

——, et al., ‘Social networks, kinship and community in Eastern-Europe’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 24 (1994), 639–63

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©University of Oxford

The compilers were Dr Katharine S. B. Keats-Rohan with the assistance of Dr Olga Borymchuk and Jacquelyn Fernholz.